I see this question a lot.
Here’s the data that I have on it.
TL;DR: For SEO? Subfolder over subdomain. Always.
Here’s more context:
Hopefully this is helpful.
Here’s data from Drift:
and John Doherty’s reply:
When Monster.co.uk moved their blog from a subdomain to their root domain, Google saw it as one website and instantly increased rankings of every blog post:
Here’s another website with the same result:
Site: https://moz.com/learn/seo/domain
Site: https://www.searchenginejournal.com/subdomains-vs-subfolders-seo/239795/
Screenshot:
Site: https://ignitevisibility.com/why-blogs-on-subdomains-are-basically-worthless-for-seo/
Screenshot:
Screenshot (point #2 here is crucial):